Stefan Molyneux formulated an ethical theory that made an effort to validate the non-aggression principle. Ayn Rand has made efforts in deriving the principle from the right to life and Murray Rothbard has made efforts to derive non-aggression from self-ownership Hans-Hermann Hoppe has argued that property rights are praxeologically necessary as they are presupposed in the very act of argumentation The principle has been derived by various philosophical approaches, including: The United States Libertarian Party and others view it as an essential tenet of all libertarian thought. This proposed system resembles fire protection services in colonial Philadelphia. When taken to the logical conclusion, anarchists argue that it calls for abolition of the state itself, asserting that individuals would be protected from aggression by what amount to insurance contracts with private organizations, through a militia union, or completely by self-defense. When applied to the state, it has been taken to prohibit many policies including taxation, the military draft, regulation of voluntary exchange and individual participation in non-defensive state wars.
If these two rights to private property and to freedom of contract are taken as given, then the non-aggression principle is held by its supporters to lead to the rejection of theft, vandalism, assault, fraud, pollution and the concept of victimless crimes. in the absence of false or duress contracts, and the absence of contracts stipulating aggression against third-parties). As for freedom of contract, the right of self-ownership is held to imply freedom of action in the absence of aggression (e.g. Hence, to aggress against someone's property is to aggress against the individual. sale, rental) simply transfers this right. Subsequent exchange of such property (e.g. The basis for this extension of self-ownership to one's property is John Locke's argument (also called the homestead principle) that mixing of labor with an unowned resource makes that resource part of one's self. Libertarians typically claim that the non-aggression principle includes property and freedom of contract as a part of self-ownership. It is an axiom of some forms of anarchism, and traces of it can be found in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, as well as in Eastern philosophies such as Taoism. The principle has a long tradition but has been mostly popularized by market anarchists and other schools of libertarianism ( consequentialist libertarians do not base their libertarianism on it). 5 Historical formulations and background.
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